Как установить g на windows

Как установить g на windows

This is the guide to install the C & C++ Compiler on Windows. Here we are going to use the GCC Compiler ( not Turbo C++ which was used in the old stone age).

The reason why we are not using the Turbo C++ is becasue the development was discontinued. The last stable verion was on September 5, 2006. Eventhough there is an updated version available school and colleges are using the version 3 which was released in 1991.

You may argue that the Turbo C++ compiler is simple and easy to use and that’s not true. Of course it’s good to start with Turbo C++ but if you are planning to choose your career in programming Turbo C++ won’t help you on this. You have to go for the standard compilers used by the developer community.

This guide will helps you to install the latest C & C++ Compilers available in the industry, which is the MinGW GCC Compiler.

MinGW GCC Compiler

MinGW is a port of GCC to Windows. It was created to support the GCC compiler on Windows Platform. It lets us to access the headers and support libraries on Windows. It produces standalone Windows executables ( exe files ) which may be distributed in any manner.

Downloading

Go to mingw.org/ and click on the Download Installer button in the top right corner.

It will take you to sourceforge for downloading.

Installation

After the download, run the setup as Administrator

Click on Install

It is going to be installed in C:\MinGW\ folder. Click on continue.

Then, it will fetch and update it’s database from the server, click on the continute button when it becomes clickable.

It will be on the Basic Setup Tab by default, there look for mingw-32-gcc-g++ , Right Click and Mark for Installation

Now, Click on the Installation menu and hit Apply Changes.

It will open the confirmation dialog box, there click on Apply.

It will start downloading the required files.

Once the download gets completed it will install the packages, click on Close to finish the setup.

Checking the Installattion

In order to check whether it has installed correctly or not, you have to go to C:\MinGW\bin folder . There holding the shift key, right click on the empty area. Click on Open command window here

In the command prompt type the command gcc -v . It will show the version of GCC installed on your computer. If the output doesn’t look similar as this one then there will be some problem in your Installation.

Configuring

Setting the Environment Variable

The purpose of setting the Enviroment Variable is to access the gcc command everywhere in the command prompt. Setting up the enviromnent varaible will tell the system where to look for the gcc command.

Copy the C:\MinGW\bin path and click on This PC

Now right click on the empty area and click on Properties.

There choose Advanced system settings

It will open the System Properties dialog box, There click on the Enviroment Variables

In the System variables section look for Path and click on Edit

Append the Path C:\MinGW\bin in the Variable Value and click on OK

That’s all now you have successfully configured the GCC Compiler on your Computer.

Usage

Here is the sample c program

Copy and paste this program on your Favorite code editor, save it as sample.c . If you are still using NotePad you have to read this guide Choosing the Best Code Editor.

Using from Command Prompt

Right Click on the Windows Icon (Start Menu Icon) and click on Command Prompt

Navigate the prompt to the place where you have saved the sample program ( use cd command to navigate ). Then type gcc sample.c to compile the program. Now a new executable named a will be generated in your folder. Type a on the command prompt to run the program.

That’s all this is how you have to compile and run C & C++ Programs on Windows.

Как установить g на windows

Рассмотрим создание первой простейшей программы на C++ с помощью компилятора g++ , который на сегодняшний день является одним из наиболее популярных компиляторов для C++, доступен для разных платформ и который распространяется в рамках пакета компиляторов GCC. Более подробную информацию о g++ можно получить на официальном сайте проекта https://gcc.gnu.org/.

Набор компиляторов GCC распространяется в различных версиях. Для Windows одной из наиболее популярных версий является пакет средств для разработки от некоммерческого проекта MSYS2 . Следует отметить, что для MSYS2 требуется 64-битная версия Windows 7 и выше (то есть Vista, XP и более ранние версии не подходят)

Итак, загрузим программу установки MSYS2 с официального сайта MSYS2:

После загрузки запустим программу установки:

На первом шаге установки будет предложено установить каталог для установки. По умолчанию это каталог C:\msys64:

Оставим каталог установки по умолчанию (при желании можно изменить). На следующем шаге устанавливаются настройки для ярлыка для меню Пуск, и затем собственно будет произведена установка. После завершения установки нам отобразить финальное окно, в котором нажмем на кнопку Завершить

После завершения установки запустится консольное приложение MSYS2.exe. Если по каким-то причинам оно не запустилось, то в папке установки C:/msys64 надо найти файл usrt_64.exe :

Теперь нам надо установить собственно набор компиляторов GCC. Для этого введем в этом приложении следующую команду:

Для управления пакетами MSYS2 использует пакетный менеджер Packman. И данная команда говорит пакетному менеджеру packman установить пакет mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-gcc , который представляет набор компиляторов GCC (название устанавливаемого пакета указывается после параметра -S ).

и после завершения установки мы можем приступать к программированию на языке C++. Если мы откроем каталог установки и зайдем в нем в папку C:\msys64\ucrt64\bin , то найдем там все необходимые файлы компиляторов:

В частности, файл g++.exe как раз и будет представлять компилятор для языка С++.

Далее для упрощения запуска компилятора мы можем добавить путь к нему в Переменные среды. Для этого можно в окне поиска в Windows ввести «изменение переменных среды текущего пользователя»:

Нам откроется окно Переменных среды:

И добавим путь к компилятору C:\msys64\ucrt64\bin :

Чтобы убедиться, что набор компиляторов GCC успешно установлен, введем следующую команду:

В этом случае нам должна отобразиться версия компиляторов

Создание первой программы

Итак, компилятор установлен, и теперь мы можем написать первую программу. Для этого потребуется любой текстовый редактор для набора исходного кода. Можно взять распространенный редактор Visual Studio Code или даже обычный встроенный Блокнот.

Итак, создадим на жестком диске С папку для исходных файлов. А в этой папке создадим новый текстовый файл, который переименуем в hello.cpp . То есть по сути файлы исходного кода на С++ — это обычные текстовые файлы, которые, как правило, имеют расширение cpp .

В моем случае файл hello.cpp находится в папке C:\cpp.

Теперь определим в файле hello.cpp простейший код, который будет выводить строку на консоль:

Для вывода строки на консоль необходимо подключить нужный функционал. Для этого в начале файла идет строка

Данная строка представляет директиву препроцессора, которая позволяет подключить библиотеку iostream. Эта библиотека нужна для вывода строки на консоль.

Далее идет определение функции main . Функция main должна присутствовать в любой программе на С++, с нее собственно и начинается выполнение приложения.

Функция main состоит из четырех элементов:

Тип возвращаемого значения . В данном случае это тип int . Этот тип указывает, что функция должна возвращать целое число.

Имя функции . В данном случае функция называется main.

Список параметров . После имени функции в скобках идет список параметров. Но в данном случае скобки пустые, то есть функция main не принимает параметров.

Тело функции . После списка параметров в фигурных скобках идет тело функции. Здесь и определяются собственно те действия, которые выполняет функция main.

В теле функции происходит вывод строки на консоль. Для обращения к консоли используется стандартный поток вывода std::cout . С помощью оператора << в этот поток (в данном случае фактически на консоль) передается строка символов, которую надо вывести на консоль, то есть «Hello METANIT.COM!».

В конце осуществляем выход из функции с помощью оператора return . Так как функция должна возвращать целое число, то после return указывается число 0. Ноль используется в качестве индикатора успешного завершения программы.

После каждой инструкции в языке C++ ставятся точка с запятой.

Каждая строка снабжена комментарием. Все, что написано после двойного слеша // представляет комментарий. Комментарий не учитывается при компиляции приложения, и не является частью программного кода, а служат лишь для его описания. Комментарий позволяет понять, что делает программа.

Теперь скомпилируем этот файл. Для этого откроем командную строку Windows и вначале с помощью команды cd перейдем к папке с исходным файлом:

Чтобы скомпилировать исходный код, необходимо компилятору gcc передать в качестве параметра файл hello.cpp:

Дополнительный необязательный параметр -o hello указывает, что скомпилированный файл будет называться hello.exe. Если не указать этот параметр, то файл будет называться по умолчанию — a.exe.

После выполнения этой команды будет скомпилирован исполняемый файл, который в Windows по умолчанию называется hello.exe. И мы можем обратиться к этому файлу, и в этом случае консоль выведет строку «Hello METANIT.COM!», собственно как и прописано в коде.

Если вместо командной строки используется оболочка PowerShell, то для запуска файла надо прописать «./hello».

Стоит отметить, что мы можем совместить компиляцию и выполнение следующей командой:

Installing g++ (C++ Compiler) on Windows

Follow these steps to install g++ (the GNU C++ compiler) for Windows. There is no room for creativity here; you must follow the directions exactly.

1. Pick the drive and a folder in which you want to install g++. I’ll assume that it is C:, but you can choose a different one. If you choose a different drive or a different folder, you’ll need to adapt the directions below accordingly.
2. Download full.exe, an about 14 megabyte executable, to C:\full.exe by right-clicking on the link. Use Save Link As… or Save Target As… Be sure the browser saves the file as C:\full.exe.
3. Run the downloaded executable. This will install g++ (and a lot of other things that you don’t really need) on your hard drive. Go to the C: drive using Windows Explorer and double-click on full.exe. Or, open a DOS command prompt window (Start > Programs > Command Prompt), connect to the C: drive using the cd command, and type full.
4. Locate where the bin folder was created for the g++ installation. On my Windows machine, it was created in the following path: C:\cygnus\cygwin-b20\H-i586-cygwin32\bin You now should add it to the PATH environment variable. You do that by following: Start -> Control Panel -> System -> Advanced -> Environment Variables At this point you can see the PATH variable either in the User Variables or in the System Variables. Add the g++ path into the PATH variable. You add it to the end of the existing value separated by a semicolon (‘;’). Make sure that you do not lose the original value. You are just appending more to the end separated by a semicolon.
5. Restart your computer. A Cygnus Solutions entry will appear in your Programs menu, and an icon may appear on your desktop. Don’t use them! You will use it using the g++ command on a DOS command prompt as explained below.

You should now be able to run g++ from a DOS command prompt window. For example, to compile a file called C:\mine\hello.cpp, connect to the C:\mine folder and enter

You’ll then be able to run the compiled program by entering hello in the DOS command prompt window.

If you’ve installed Emacs as described here, you will also be able to run g++ from Emacs. If, when you do this, Emacs tries to compile with the command make -k, you made a mistake during the Emacs installation. (If you try to compile a C program, e.g., hello.c instead of a C++ program, e.g., hello.cpp, it will try to make -k. In that case enter the compile command, gcc -g hello.c -o hello -lm, manually. After you try it manually once, from the second time on it will do the right thing automatically.) If you want to learn how to run g++ on emacs, see here.

If you’d like to learn more about where this free compiler came from, we downloaded it from an older site of http://sourceware.org/cygwin/.

If you wish to clean up a little, you may delete the file: full.exe at this point. Your g++ compiler is installed under C:\cygnus.

Several modern C++ features are currently missing from Visual Studio Express, and from the system GCC compiler provided with many of today’s Linux distributions. Generic lambdas – also known as polymorphic lambdas – are one such feature. This feature is, however, available in the latest versions of GCC and Clang.

The following guide will help you install the latest GCC on Windows, so you can experiment with generic lambdas and other cutting-edge C++ features. You’ll need to compile GCC from sources, but that’s not a problem. Depending on the speed of your machine, you can have the latest GCC up and running in as little as 15 minutes.

1. Install Cygwin, which gives us a Unix-like environment running on Windows.
2. Install a set of Cygwin packages required for building GCC.
3. From within Cygwin, download the GCC source code, and build and install it.
4. Test the new GCC compiler in C++14 mode using the -std=c++14 option.

You can also install native GCC compilers from the MinGW-w64 project without needing Cygwin.

1. Install Cygwin

First, download and run either the 32- or 64-bit version of the Cygwin installer, depending on your version of Windows. Cygwin’s setup wizard will walk you through a series of steps. If your machine is located behind a proxy server, make sure to check “Use Internet Explorer Proxy Settings” when you get to the “Select Your Internet Connection” step.

When you reach the “Select Packages” step (shown below), don’t bother selecting any packages yet. Just go ahead and click Next. We’ll add additional packages from the command line later.

After the Cygwin installer completes, it’s very important to keep the installer around. The installer is an executable named either setup-x86.exe or setup-x86_64.exe , and you’ll need it to add or remove Cygwin packages in the future. I suggest moving the installer to the same folder where you installed Cygwin itself; typically C:\cygwin or C:\cygwin64 .

If you already have Cygwin installed, it’s a good idea to re-run the installer to make sure it has the latest available packages. Alternatively, you can install a new instance of Cygwin in a different folder.

2. Install Required Cygwin Packages

Next, you’ll need to add several packages to Cygwin. You can add them all in one fell swoop. Just open a Command Prompt (in Windows), navigate to the folder where the Cygwin installer is located, and run the following command:

A window will pop up and download all the required packages along with their dependencies.

At this point, you now have a working GCC compiler on your system. It’s not the latest version of GCC; it’s whatever version the Cygwin maintainers chose as their system compiler. At the time of writing, that’s GCC 4.8.3. To get a more recent version of GCC, you’ll have to compile it yourself, using the GCC compiler you already have.

3. Download, Build and Install the Latest GCC

Open a Cygwin terminal, either from the Start menu or by running Cygwin.bat from the Cygwin installation folder.

If your machine is located behind a proxy server, you must run the following command from the Cygwin terminal before proceeding – otherwise, wget won’t work. This step is not needed if your machine is directly connected to the Internet.

To download and extract the latest GCC source code, enter the following commands in the Cygwin terminal. If you’re following this guide at a later date, there will surely be a more recent version of GCC available. I used 4.9.2, but you can use any version you like. Keep in mind, though, that it’s always best to have the latest Cygwin packages installed when building the latest GCC. Be patient with the tar command; it takes several minutes.

That will create a subdirectory named gcc-4.9.2 . Next, we’ll configure our GCC build. As the GCC documentation recommends, it’s best to configure and build GCC in another directory outside gcc-4.9.2 , so that’s what we’ll do.

Here’s a description of the command-line options passed to configure :

• The —program-suffix=-4.9.2 option means that once our new GCC is installed, we’ll run it as g++-4.9.2 . This will make it easier for the new GCC compiler to coexist alongside the system GCC compiler provided by Cygwin.
• The —enable-languages=c,c++ option means that only the C and C++ compilers will be built. Compilers for other languages, such as Fortran, Java and Go, will be excluded. This will save compile time.
• The —disable-bootstrap option means that we only want to build the new compiler once. If we don’t specify —disable-bootstrap , the new compiler will be built three times, for testing and performance reasons. However, the system GCC compiler (4.8.3) provided by Cygwin is pretty recent, so —disable-bootstrap is good enough for our purposes. This will save a significant amount of compile time.
• The —disable-shared option means that we don’t want to build the new standard C++ runtime library as a DLL that’s shared with other C++ applications on the system. It’s totally possible to make C++ executables work with such DLLs, but it takes care not to introduce conflicts with C++ executables created by older or newer versions of GCC. That’s something distribution maintainers need to worry about; not us. Let’s just avoid the additional headache.
• By default, the new version of GCC will be installed to /usr/local in Cygwin’s virtual filesystem. This will make it easier to launch the new GCC since /usr/local/bin is already listed in Cygwin’s PATH environment variable. However, if you’re using an existing Cygwin installation, it might prove difficult to uninstall GCC from /usr/local later on (if you so choose), since that directory tends to contain files from several different packages. If you prefer to install the new GCC to a different directory, add the option —prefix=/path/to/directory to the above configure command.

We’re not going to build a new Binutils, which GCC relies on, because the existing Binutils provided by Cygwin is already quite recent. We’re also skipping a couple of packages, namely ISL and CLooG, which means that the new compiler won’t be able to use any of the Graphite loop optimizations.

Next, we’ll actually build the new GCC compiler suite, including C, C++, and the standard C++ library. This is the longest step.

The -j4 option lets the build process spawn up to four child processes in parallel. If your machine’s CPU has at least four hardware threads, this option makes the build process run significantly faster. The main downside is that it jumbles the output messages generated during the build process. If your CPU has even more hardware threads, you can specify a higher number with -j . For comparison, I tried various numbers on a Xeon-based machine having 12 hardware threads, and got the following build times:

Be warned: I encountered a segmentation fault the first time I ran with -j4 . Bad luck on my part. If that happens to you, running the same command a second time should allow the build process to finish successfully. Also, when specifying higher numbers with -j , there are often strange error messages at the end of the build process involving “jobserver tokens”, but they’re harmless.

Once that’s finished, install the new compiler:

This installs several executables to /usr/local/bin ; it installs the standard C++ library’s include files to /usr/local/include/c++/4.9.2 ; and it installs the static standard C++ library to /usr/local/lib , among other things. Interestingly, it does not install a new standard C library! The new compiler will continue to use the existing system C library that came with Cygwin.

If later, you decide to uninstall the new GCC compiler, you have several options:

• If you installed GCC to a directory other than /usr/local , and that directory contains no other files, you can simply delete that directory.
• If you installed GCC to /usr/local , and there are files from other packages mixed into the same directory tree, you can run the list_modifications.py script from this post to determine which files are safe to delete from /usr/local .
• You can simply uninstall Cygwin itself, by deleting the C:\cygwin64 folder in Windows, along with its associated Start menu entry.

4. Test the New Compiler

All right, let’s compile some code that uses generic lambdas! Generic lambdas are part of the C++14 standard. They let you pass arguments to lambda functions as auto (or any templated type), like the one highlighted below. Create a file named test.cpp with the following contents:

You can add files to your home directory in Cygwin using any Windows-based text editor; just save them to the folder C:\cygwin64\home\Jeff (or similar) in Windows.

First, let’s see what happens when we try to compile it using the system GCC compiler provided by Cygwin:

If the system compiler version is less than 4.9, compilation will fail:

Now, let’s try it again using our freshly built GCC compiler. The new compiler is already configured to locate its include files in /usr/local/include/c++/4.9.2 and its static libraries in /usr/local/lib . All we need to do is run it:

GCC and G++ compilers are used to execute C & C++ code in Windows on command line, or to help run C and C++ from Visual Studio Code or IntelliJ IDE

You’re here because you need to install MinGW (GCC and G++ builders) to compile C and C++ programs from command line (cmd.exe or Bash) on your system.

Perhaps you are looking to compile C and C++ in Visual Studio Code. And that means you still need to install MinGW with GCC and G++ tools for running your C-language programs.

Here’s setup instructions for installing MinGW on your Windows-based system. This is the video you want to watch, if you need to install GCC and G++ compiler on a PC:

In this video you will learn how to:

1. 00:00 How to Install MinGW on Windows 10
2. 00:17 Downloading MinGW from SourceForge (not the official site)
3. 00:50 Install MinGW
4. 01:19 How to fix There is no script engine for file extension .js error — Just click OK
5. 01:29 Right click on every checkbox and select “Mark For Installation” option
6. 01:54 Click Installation Option on Drop Down Menu and click “Apply Changes”
7. 02:18 Go to your File Explorer and locate C:\MinGW\bin folder, and copy its address
8. 02:41 Go to Start button and type Environment Variables
9. 02:58 Add C:\MinGW\bin to PATH under System Variables
10. 03:34 Check if MinGW was installed and its version

How To Install MinGW on Windows

This article is based on the video above. So just go ahead and watch it.

Hey guys, in this Windows installation tutorial, I’ll show you How To install MinGW Compiler on Windows 10 or 11. (The same process applies to Windows 7 as well.)

Google is your best friend for finding correct MinGW installation files!

Type mingw download and locate this MinGW Source Forge link (usually second link, after the first search result on Google.)

(You don’t want to navigate to official site, as it will send you in circles to the Source Forge download site anyway.)

Locate this page and wait for file to download.

Click on the downloaded MinGW file to start installation process:

Right click on every single checkbox on the list, and select Mark for Installation.

How to add MinGW to my PATH System Variable in Windows’ Environment Variables

Now in order for our MinGW to become available for execition system-wide (from any location on the hard drive with the command line, not just from where it was installed,) we need to add the path to where MinGW was installed to Environment Variables.

Open your MinGW installation location with File Explorer.

Copy hard drive location where you installed MinGW in File Explorer, directly from the address bar (make sure to also include /bin folder as shown in following example):

In my case it was C:\MinGW\bin (I changed it from default location that used to be Program Files by default)

Now to open Environment Variables window, go to Start button and simply start typing Environment Variables.

Then, either hit Enter, or click on Open button.

Go to Environment Variables button in the first window that shows up.

Then on next screen locate PATH variable in the second box below under System Variables:

Click Edit button.

Click Add button and type C:\MinGW\bin and save that variable.

Click Ok 3 times as you exist Environment Variables windows to confirm changes.

How to find out which version of MinGW I have installed on my computer?

And finally…just to make sure you have MinGW successfully installed.

Go to Start button, type cmd.exe and hit Enter or click Open button.

In cmd.exe command prompt, enter the command g++ — version.

Now that your MinGW binaries path was added to Environment Variables, you should be able to run this command from anywhere on your hard drive. Not just when you change directory to C:\MinGW\bin on the command line.

And if that’s the case, you’ve successfully installed MinGW on your Windows OS.

This is also exactly what will allow you to compile C and C++ from IDEs like Microsoft’s Visual Studio Code and JetBrains IntelliJ. Good luck out there!

If errors show up and you don’t see the screen from example above, make sure you properly added it to PATH. Also check if you can run it from C:\MinGW\bin directory. If you still get errors, something is terribly wrong.